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first_img The European Union draft aims to regulate addictive design and AI chatbots, with violations potentially resulting in a 6% revenue fine

According to Caixin, on November 10, multiple media outlets saw the draft of the Digital Fairness Act, which shows that the European Commission plans to require companies to allow users to disable features that induce compulsive or excessive use, and to regulate AI systems that extend interactions through simulated interpersonal relationships. The draft is expected to be published on November 11, and companies that violate the rules may face fines of up to 6% of their global annual revenue. The draft requires that adult users be given the option to disable autoplay, notifications unrelated to their activities, and continuous reward systems; if an AI chatbot encourages ongoing interaction by simulating interpersonal relationships, users should also have the right to disable related features.The draft also proposes to list 10 types of manipulative designs that are considered unfair under any circumstances, including making it significantly harder to register for services, hiding prices or automatic renewal terms, falsely implying there are no other choices, making false or inadequately qualified claims about supply or popularity, repeatedly emphasizing scarcity at checkout, pre-selecting additional products or quantities, framing refusal as a wrong choice, repeatedly asking to change a decision already made, using confusing double negatives, and fabricating notifications that someone has contacted the user. The European Commission can add new manipulative practices to the list without restarting the legislative process.The draft also proposes to require online subscriptions to provide a clear contract termination button, that consumers must actively consent before a free trial converts to a paid service, and that reminders must be sent before automatic renewals; for minors, it proposes to ban paid loot boxes and paid win mechanisms in video games. Impact assessments estimate that the relevant regulations will help consumers avoid economic losses of 88.4 billion euros between 2025 and 2035; when accounting for time lost, the annual benefit is expected to be 13.7 billion euros, with total annual compliance costs for companies estimated at 678 million euros. The draft still needs to be reviewed by the European Parliament and member states, and according to the current text, it will apply 12 months after coming into effect. The German government expressed opposition in mid-last month, advocating for amendments to the existing consumer protection directive rather than creating a new law.

first_img Nomination for the Working Group on Tokenized Securities Standards by the Three Major Institutions of the European Union

According to Cointelegraph, the European Central Bank, the European Commission, and the European Securities and Markets Authority are jointly soliciting nominations for a working group led by the industry, which will establish unified standards for the holding and settlement of tokenized securities.Eligible applicants include EU industry associations, global institutions, private enterprises, and fintech companies, which can apply to join the European Tokenized Standards Group (ETSG) by November 27. The relevant work will commence in January 2027, with the aforementioned three EU institutions participating as observers.The working group will develop technical and market standards to assist businesses in holding and settling tokenized securities across different Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) platforms, ensuring that these platforms can be compatible with existing financial systems.According to its scope of responsibilities, the working group plans to produce the first set of standards by early 2028. These standards will support Appia, which is the blueprint for the European tokenized financial market developed by the euro system.The three institutions warned that market fragmentation could limit the benefits brought by tokenization, and the working group may propose recommendations on how EU regulators can encourage businesses to adopt its standards. In September of this year, the euro system launched the Pontes system, allowing financial institutions to settle wholesale transactions of tokenized assets in central bank money.

Protests against the expansion of data centers have erupted in multiple locations across Europe, demanding a halt to construction

According to Bloomberg, protests against the expansion of data centers continued in multiple locations across Europe on November 7. RTE reported that around 2,000 people participated in a march in Dublin; YLE stated that about 1,300 people gathered in Helsinki, with protests also occurring in several small towns in Finland. Demonstrators in Helsinki marched to Google's office and the location of the parliament. The Stop Dirty Data Centres alliance, composed of local democracy and climate action groups, stated that the action aims to prevent the unchecked expansion of AI data centers.Groups from Scotland, Spain, France, and Denmark participated in the action, calling for a halt to construction until the public can determine through democratic processes how related projects should serve society and the environment. Previously on Friday, hundreds of protesters clashed with police at a Microsoft data center in Amsterdam, resulting in one arrest. As technology companies invest hundreds of billions of dollars in building AI infrastructure, community residents' concerns about land and electricity demands, rising energy costs, and whether the local area can gain economic benefits have intensified. Ireland has become one of Europe's major data center hubs, with official statistics showing that data centers will account for 23% of the country's total electricity consumption by 2025.Finland is also facing large-scale construction. Google announced in September an investment of 13 billion euros, approximately 14.5 billion dollars, to expand existing data centers and build two new facilities, marking its largest investment in Europe to date. According to the Finnish Industrial Federation, data center projects in various stages of planning and construction in Finland are valued at around 80 billion euros. Reports indicate that representatives from Google cleared forest land, stripped topsoil, and built roads before the environmental impact assessment for one project was completed, causing dissatisfaction among local residents. The company responsible for the construction of the project is facing a criminal investigation, and the Finnish government is also advancing legislation to constrain AI expansion. The opposition in Europe echoes recent situations in the United States, where the expansion of data centers has become a significant issue in this week's midterm elections, with some state voters electing local officials who promised to stop or pause related construction.
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