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control

The State Duma of Russia has passed the digital currency bill on its first reading, granting the central bank control over market access and transaction regulation

The State Duma of Russia (the lower house of parliament) has passed the "Digital Currency and Digital Rights Bill" in the first reading, marking a key step towards the legalization of cryptocurrency assets in the country.According to the bill, the Bank of Russia will become the core regulatory body for the cryptocurrency market, responsible for issuing licenses, approving or prohibiting related transactions, and defining the legality of transactions. The bill proposes to classify cryptocurrencies as "property," but explicitly prohibits their use as a means of payment domestically, with the ruble remaining the only legal tender. However, in the context of Western sanctions, cryptocurrency assets can be used for cross-border trade settlements, including service payments, intellectual property transfers, and other scenarios.In addition, the bill allows Russian residents to legally invest in cryptocurrency assets through licensed institutions, but will implement a tiered investor system, setting testing and annual investment limits for ordinary investors (with a suggested cap of 300,000 rubles). Initially, only high-market-cap mainstream assets like Bitcoin and Ethereum will be allowed for trading, with a whitelist established by the central bank. The bill is expected to be formally passed and come into effect by July 2026 at the latest. However, some lawmakers and banking industry figures have criticized the overly strict regulations, which may affect market activity and even lead to funds remaining in the gray market. At the same time, accompanying legislation is also proposed to introduce criminal penalties, with a maximum sentence of 7 years in prison for illegal cryptocurrency trading.

South Korea requires cryptocurrency exchanges to verify assets every 5 minutes to strengthen internal controls

The Financial Services Commission (FSC) of South Korea announced on Monday that, in response to the internal control vulnerabilities exposed by the recent Bithumb payment incident, it has required all domestic cryptocurrency exchanges to conduct reconciliations of their ledgers and actual assets every five minutes.Emergency inspections revealed that three of the five major exchanges in the country only reconcile once a day, making it difficult to timely identify and address discrepancies; some systems are unable to automatically suspend trading when significant mismatches occur, raising regulatory concerns. According to the new regulations:Exchanges must establish an automated ledger-wallet reconciliation system with a cycle of five minutes.Standards for triggering automatic trading suspension due to significant discrepancies must be set.High-risk processes (such as promotional payments) must undergo enhanced scrutiny, including third-party reviews and multi-level approvals.High-risk accounts must be managed independently, and payments must use automated verification tools.The frequency of external audits will change from quarterly to monthly, with the disclosure scope expanded to include detailed asset balances by wallet and ledger. The FSC stated that it will complete the relevant rule revisions by April 2026. Previously, Bithumb announced that its IPO plan would be postponed until after 2028 to strengthen internal controls and accounting policies by 2027; at the same time, the equity swap between Naver Financial and Dunamu will also be completed by the end of September.
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