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Michael Saylor: Bitcoin enters the "digital capital" era, accelerating the embrace of institutionalization and financialization

The founder of Strategy, Michael Saylor, stated that Bitcoin is gradually transitioning from an early "peer-to-peer electronic cash" experiment to a global digital capital infrastructure. As Bitcoin is widely adopted by individuals, funds, publicly listed companies, banks, custodians, trading platforms, and governments, some of the early Bitcoin culture has evolved from a risk defense mechanism into a form of "orthodoxy," which includes viewing self-custody as the only legitimate way to hold Bitcoin and categorizing financial products related to Bitcoin, such as ETFs, bonds, preferred stocks, and derivatives, as "paper Bitcoin." These views played an important role in the early development of Bitcoin, but are now insufficient to explain its expanding economic ecosystem.The more important role of Bitcoin in the future may not be to replace fiat currency as a daily payment tool, but rather to become a scarce, globally liquid, programmable "digital capital" that does not rely on an issuer. Fiat currency will still play a core role in taxes, wages, contracts, and everyday business, while Bitcoin can form a new layered financial system with banks, securities, credit, insurance, and corporations. Self-custody should be viewed as a right rather than an obligation, and professional custody, multi-signature, institutional custody, and trading platform products can all play a role based on different users' risk tolerance and actual needs. What truly needs to be vigilant is not all counterparties, but those counterparties lacking transparency, isolation mechanisms, governance capabilities, and risk control; "do not trust any institution" should shift to risk identification of different institutions.The next phase of the Bitcoin ecosystem will be the expansion of the "digital capital market," rather than a return to a closed pure Bitcoin economy. With the continuous development of spot Bitcoin ETFs, publicly listed companies' Bitcoin reserves, bonds, preferred stocks, and other financial products, Bitcoin is becoming a new underlying asset that connects stocks, debt, credit, currency, derivatives, and even the machine economy. This trend can be termed the "Bitcoin Reformation," with core principles including "protocol minimalism, economic maximization," "replacing founder worship with first principles," "self-custody as a right rather than a ritual," "judging security by evidence rather than brand," "replacing counterparty nihilism with counterparty identification," and allowing fiat currency and Bitcoin to coexist in the long term. Bitcoin is not abandoning its early core principles but is breaking free from its cultural limitations: it is transitioning from electronic cash to digital gold and further becoming a digital capital network that encompasses capital, credit, equity, debt, currency, and the machine economy.

first_img NVIDIA announces full-scale production of Groq racks, which will be deployed at Nebius

On Monday local time, Nvidia Senior Director Dion Harris announced that the Groq 3 LPX rack has entered full-scale production and will be deployed in the data center of the new cloud service provider Nebius, expected to go live later this year. This move marks the commercialization of the technology obtained by Nvidia after reaching a technology licensing deal worth approximately $20 billion with Groq last December. Several core employees from Groq have joined Nvidia, with founder Jonathan Ross serving as Nvidia's Chief Software Architect.Nvidia is accelerating the production of Groq chips and providing products to customers, highlighting the importance of low-latency inference. The Groq 3 LPX, released in March this year, is an inference accelerator for the Vera Rubin platform, integrating 500 megabytes of high-speed SRAM on the chip die to reduce memory bottlenecks. Each LPX rack can integrate 256 Groq 3 chips, and Nvidia cites benchmarks indicating it can process 3,400 tokens per second; the chip is manufactured by Samsung.Harris stated that low-latency chips are not meant to replace GPUs but are designed to use the appropriate processor for different stages of workloads, allowing cloud service providers to offer higher-priced packages for latency-sensitive users. Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang plans to allocate about a quarter of the data center space for programming applications to Groq chips, with the remainder using the Vera Rubin system, and expects cumulative sales of Blackwell and Vera Rubin to reach $1 trillion by 2027.

first_img HPC Report: Perpetual contracts are a supplement to futures contracts rather than a replacement, achieving risk transfer at a lower cost

The latest research report from the Hyperliquid Policy Center (HPC) states that perpetual contracts expand hedging options and improve price discovery, with no evidence found of statistically significant harm to the benchmark futures market. The report argues that perpetual contracts are complementary to traditional futures with expiration dates, rather than zero-sum substitutes.The study utilizes the natural experiment of traditional markets being closed on weekends while perpetual markets continue trading, comparing 205 weekends of Bitcoin trading and 19 weekends of on-chain crude oil perpetual (xyz:CL) samples. The report states that expiring futures require calendar-based forced rollovers, with the cost of rolling a $10 million exposure on the Monday of April 2026 being about $950,000, while on Friday it is about $110,000; perpetual positions do not have this forced cost. The median transaction price for on-chain crude oil perpetual during non-trading hours is about $1,300, approximately one percent of the benchmark WTI median transaction price.HPC also provides an example where the crude oil weekend repricing on the week of March 6, 2026, was 15.8%, with the benchmark market completely closed; if hedged through on-chain crude oil perpetual, a $10 million position loss could be reduced from about $1.58 million to approximately $62,000 (after accounting for all costs).

The U.S. SEC proposes Reg Crypto: establishing a legal pathway for public offerings of certain tokens and the exit of investment contracts

The head of Galaxy Research posted on platform X stating that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has proposed the Regulation Crypto Assets, abbreviated as Reg Crypto. This proposal aims to establish a legal pathway for the issuance of certain tokens to the U.S. public and to set up a mechanism for terminating investment contracts. The scope is limited to crypto assets that are not themselves securities but have been issued or sold as part of an investment contract; tokenized stocks, bonds, and arrangements that bundle tokens with equity or other securities are not included in the framework.The proposal sets four stages: financing, disclosure, construction, and exit. A one-time startup exemption allows issuers to raise up to $5 million over a maximum of four years; a higher exemption limit set by Regulation A allows for raising $20 million or $75 million within 12 months.Related financing must undergo qualification review by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and continuous disclosure, with the investment cap for unaccredited investors being the greater of 10% of their annual income or net worth. Issuers must also disclose the token supply and release plan, minting and burning mechanisms, governance and smart contract permissions, source code, as well as project construction commitments and progress.When the issuer completes or permanently ceases relevant construction obligations, makes no new construction commitments, and submits a transition report, the related investment contracts will be deemed terminated, and the crypto assets will no longer be subject to securities laws under that investment contract. Issuers that do not use the above financing exemptions can also utilize this safe harbor. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission estimates that approximately 475 issuers will use the investment contract safe harbor each year, with about 130 issuers utilizing the two new exemptions. Qualified issuances may not be considered restricted securities and can be resold immediately without contractual restrictions.The proposal will also exclude initial offerings and certain secondary transactions within its scope from state registration and qualification requirements, but it does not involve exchanges, brokers, dealers, custodians, nor is it an independent innovation exemption for tokenized securities and on-chain transactions. The comment period is 60 days after publication in the Federal Register. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Paul Atkins and Commissioners Hester Peirce and Mark Uyeda have all issued supportive statements.
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