IMF

El Salvador reaches a $1.4 billion loan agreement with the IMF, and Bitcoin payments will become voluntary

ChainCatcher news, according to Cointelegraph, El Salvador has reached a $1.4 billion loan agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), planning to receive funding support over the next 40 months. As part of the agreement, the country will make it voluntary for merchants to accept Bitcoin payments, while gradually reducing the government's involvement in Bitcoin-related projects, including a phased withdrawal from the management of the state-supported wallet app Chivo.The IMF stated that this move will significantly reduce the potential risks associated with Bitcoin projects, while clearly stipulating that the public sector's participation is limited to specific activities within the Bitcoin economy. Additionally, taxes will be paid only in U.S. dollars, not in Bitcoin. The agreement still requires approval from the IMF's executive board, marking the end of a four-year negotiation with the IMF since El Salvador adopted Bitcoin as legal tender in June 2021. The IMF has previously warned that the speculative nature of Bitcoin could pose financial risks to the country. The agreement will also facilitate additional financing from institutions such as the World Bank, with total financing exceeding $3.5 billion.Nevertheless, El Salvador's presidential Bitcoin advisor Max Keiser expressed disdain on social media platform X, stating that the use of Bitcoin in the country "has never been so active and continues to grow." However, surveys show that 92% of Salvadorans have not used Bitcoin for transactions, an increase from 88% in 2023.

IMF economists propose imposing an electricity tax to reduce the environmental impact of cryptocurrency mining and the AI industry

ChainCatcher news, according to Bitcoin.com, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) published a blog post this week written by Shafik Hebous, Deputy Director of the IMF's Fiscal Affairs Department, and another economist, Nate Vernon-Lin.The authors emphasized the environmental challenges posed by cryptocurrency mining and artificial intelligence data centers, noting that these sectors already account for 2% of global electricity consumption. They added, "According to our estimates based on projections from the International Energy Agency (IEA), this share could rise to 3.5% within three years."The report warns that this increasing energy use could lead to cryptocurrency mining contributing 0.7% of global carbon emissions by 2027, and emphasizes, "Expanding the analysis to data centers (according to IEA estimates) means that by 2027, carbon emissions from these sectors could reach 450 million tons, accounting for 1.2% of the global total."To address this issue, Hebous and Vernon-Lin proposed a targeted electricity tax, stating, "A tax system is a way to guide businesses to reduce emissions. According to IMF estimates, a direct tax of $0.047 per kilowatt-hour would encourage the cryptocurrency mining industry to curb its emissions in line with global targets."However, critics argue that these taxes could severely hinder the development of the cryptocurrency industry. Additionally, some studies have shown that the environmental impact of cryptocurrency mining remains relatively small compared to other major industries such as e-commerce or traditional finance.

G20 leaders will discuss advancing the proposed cryptocurrency regulatory roadmap by the FSB and IMF in October

ChainCatcher news, G20 member country leaders expressed support on Saturday for the recommendations of the Financial Stability Board (FSB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) regarding the regulation and oversight of crypto asset activities and markets, as well as global stablecoins.The G20 will continue to closely monitor the rapidly evolving risks of the crypto asset ecosystem. The G20 finance ministers and central bank governors will discuss advancing the proposed roadmap by the FSB and IMF at their meeting in October 2023. The next G20 finance ministers and central bank governors meeting is scheduled to be held in Marrakech, Morocco.The G20 leaders' summit declaration stated, "We warmly welcome the comprehensive document submitted by the IMF-FSB (which includes the roadmap), which will support a coordinated and comprehensive policy and regulatory framework, while taking into account the pervasive risks as well as the risks unique to emerging markets and developing economies (EMDE), and the FATF standards being implemented globally to address money laundering and terrorist financing risks."G20 leaders acknowledged the work plans of the FSB and standard-setting bodies (SSBs) on crypto assets, as well as the report from the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) on key elements and risks of the crypto ecosystem.G20 leaders also called for the swift implementation of the Crypto Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) and the amendments to the Common Reporting Standard (CRS).

IMF and FSB Joint Document: Banning Cryptocurrencies Does Not Help Eliminate Their Risks

ChainCatcher news, according to CoinDesk, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Financial Stability Board (FSB) released a joint policy roadmap on Thursday, stating that merely banning cryptocurrencies will not eliminate their risks. The joint document from the IMF and FSB will be submitted to the G20 this weekend.The report states that to address the macroeconomic risks posed by cryptocurrencies, jurisdictions should "strengthen monetary policy frameworks, guard against excessive volatility in capital flows, and provide clear tax treatment for cryptocurrencies." The report reiterates the IMF's position that a comprehensive ban on cryptocurrencies may not help mitigate the associated risks, and targeted restrictions may be particularly suitable for emerging economies.The report notes that implementing a comprehensive ban in one jurisdiction, deeming all cryptocurrency activities (including trading and mining) illegal, is not only costly and technically challenging but may also "lead to activities shifting to other jurisdictions, thereby creating spillover risks."The report emphasizes that restrictive measures should not replace strong macroeconomic policies, credible institutional frameworks, and comprehensive regulation and supervision, which are the first line of defense against the macroeconomic and financial risks posed by crypto assets; however, this does not mean that all bans should be ruled out. During times of stress or when countries find better internal solutions, jurisdictions may consider targeted temporary restrictions to manage certain risk factors.In response to G20 countries' concerns about the spread of stablecoins, the IMF/FSB roadmap proposes solutions. The report states that if stablecoins denominated in foreign currencies are easier and cheaper to access than foreign currency bank accounts, rapid capital outflows or reversals may occur. While stablecoins can facilitate widespread transactions, they may pose risks in maintaining stable value and rely on private issuers. Global stablecoins adopted by multiple jurisdictions "may transmit volatility more abruptly than other crypto assets and could pose significant risks to financial stability."

G7 finance ministers discuss the regulation of crypto assets, committing to adhere to the recommendations and standards of the FSB and IMF

ChainCatcher news, the Group of Seven (G7) intergovernmental political forum has stated that it will commit to implementing the upcoming regulatory framework for crypto assets from the Financial Stability Board (FSB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) recommendations on central bank digital currencies.The G7 finance ministers and central bank governors announced that they had discussed the issue of crypto asset regulation at a meeting held last Saturday in Niigata, Japan, ahead of next week's G7 summit. This year's summit host, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, stated that G7 leaders would issue a joint declaration supporting stricter crypto rules.As the G20 rotating presidency, India has been advocating for globally coordinated crypto regulations. In February this year, the organization stated that the upcoming global crypto framework would be based on a new comprehensive report jointly drafted by the IMF and FSB. The G7 indicated that it would adhere to the standards set by the FSB.The announcement stated, "We look forward to the FSB finalizing its high-level recommendations by July 2023. We are committed to implementing an effective regulatory and supervisory framework for crypto asset activities and markets, as well as stablecoin arrangements, that aligns with the FSB's recommendations and standards and the guidelines set by SSBs (standard-setting bodies)." (source link)
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