7 O'Clock Capital: Understanding the Modular Capital Public Chain Aptos in One Article

Author: Luca, 7OclockMedia

Abstract

With numerous public chains emerging, how can one stand out in the current blockchain world?

Public chains provide users with better security and data sovereignty through execution layers, consensus layers, settlement layers, and data availability layers. Aptos enhances overall performance in scalability, security, and decentralization, adopting a modular approach to build a decentralized application ecosystem for Web3 to address user issues in the physical world.

From an objective perspective, Aptos is a decentralized modular capital public chain dedicated to bringing Web3 into the mainstream and gaining investment and recognition from the market and top-tier capital. Compared to other public chains at the same stage, it can be considered Top 1 and is reshaping the overall landscape of the public chain sector.

From a business perspective, based on first principles, Aptos can be understood as Web2.5. Its underlying infrastructure utilizes the Move language's modules and scripts to better accommodate Web2 projects and applications, helping the blockchain industry usher in a new development landscape and contributing to increased employment rates and economic levels. The advantages of the Move language lie in its high efficiency, security, and upgradability, making it resource-oriented and more developer-friendly. However, it also creates certain barriers for projects in terms of ecology and wealth creation effects, providing developers and related Web3 users with opportunities for learning.

From the perspective of primary investment, multidimensional considerations and evaluations need to be made regarding underlying architecture, ecological scenarios, market demand, and user needs. 7 O'Clock Capital will conduct a multidimensional study and analysis of Aptos in the following sections.

Main Text

Aptos was developed by a group of core members who left Meta (formerly Facebook) after the sale of its stablecoin project Diem. In March of this year, it secured investments from top institutions such as a16z, Binance Labs, FTX Ventures, and Coinbase Ventures. The luxurious financing lineup and high funding amounts have led the market into a new phase of expectations and exploration. Aptos has already undergone multiple rounds of testing, attracting over 200 projects, with its mainnet expected to launch in Q4.

Even before its mainnet launch, Aptos is hailed as the fastest and most user-friendly public chain in terms of TPS. As described in the article "The Origins of Aptos," its mission is to create opportunities for billions of people to access decentralized assets universally and fairly. From smart contract platforms to developer infrastructure and tools, wallets, and decentralized applications, the Web3 stack is vast and rich. The journey of Aptos began with collaboration with a distributed community to deploy a secure, scalable, and upgradeable smart contract platform.

1. Introduction and Narrative of Aptos

Aptos is a new independent project dedicated to providing the world's most secure and production-ready L1 blockchain. The team consists of original creators, researchers, designers, and builders of Diem, which was built for this purpose. Its vision is to build a more reliable and scalable blockchain for everyone.

(1) Product Mechanism

• Language System: Utilizes a secure and flexible blockchain language—Move language; designed specifically for secure resource management and verifiable execution on the blockchain. Transaction execution is deterministic, closed, and measurable. Determinism and closure mean that the output of transaction execution is entirely predictable and based solely on the information contained in the transaction and the current ledger state.

• Proof-of-stake DiemBFT Byzantine Fault Tolerance Consensus Mechanism: Four iterations over the past three years have improved transaction confirmation speed and blockchain stability, ensuring stable operation even with one-third of the validating nodes failing.

• Security: Supports the ability for any account to rotate its private keys. Validators can regularly rotate their consensus keys to enhance security. Multi-agent transactions also enable broader composability patterns and use cases.

• Scalability: Achieves flexible and composable parallelism by allowing parallel account transactions while retaining control over transaction ordering, supporting rapid and flexible state management for lightweight, full, archival, and validating nodes.

• Upgradability: Managed and configured through on-chain state by validators, facilitating community voting and rapid execution of upgrades. Strong testing and deployment practices ensure secure and reliable deployment.

• Gas Fees: Supports multiple currencies for gas payments, avoiding situations where a wallet only has one non-gas token and cannot transact. The principle is to standardize the exchange of other tokens into Aptos tokens based on on-chain exchange rates, then sort and confirm all transactions based on the standardized gas price.

(2) Financing Situation

(3) Team Background

Founders Mo Shaikh and Avery Ching are more famously known as founding team members of Facebook's blockchain project Diem, with Avery often referred to as the architect of the underlying technical specifications.

1. Mo Shaikh ------ Founder & CEO

From May 2020 to December 2021, he was responsible for strategic partnerships at Meta. Prior to that, from October 2017 to May 2020, he served as Founder and CEO at Meridio, a blockchain-based platform for investing in and trading fractional real estate.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/moalishaikh/

2. Avery Ching 程思聪------ CTO

He served as Chief Software Engineer at Meta for over 10 years and was the technical lead for the Novi team under Meta; focusing on various aspects of blockchain technology development while also maintaining the Diem blockchain. From October 2007 to September 2011, he was Chief Software Engineer at Yahoo.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/averyching/

3. Josh Lind------ Founding Engineer

Engaged in research on Layer 1 blockchain technology. Previously, he was a researcher at Novi working on the Diem blockchain. He completed his PhD at Imperial College London in the Large Scale Data and Systems (LSDS) group and the Initiative for Cryptocurrencies and Contracts (IC3RE). His PhD focused on improving the security and privacy of large-scale distributed systems using trusted hardware.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/joshdavidlind/

4. Alin Tomescu------ Researcher

Holds a Master's degree in Computer Science and a PhD from MIT, with over six years of research experience at MIT, focusing on cryptocurrencies, public keys, authenticated data structures, secure communications, and secure web applications.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/alinush/

5. David Wolinsky------ Software Engineer

Formerly the technical lead for Web3 at Meta, working across multiple organizations and teams to help shape many strategic technology and product plans. Previously worked on the Diem blockchain for nearly two years, including designing governance and genesis programs, establishing security infrastructure plans and principles, and defining integrations with Diem. Before joining Novi, he was a technical lead/manager at Facebook responsible for Facebook's ad growth. He is a research scholar at Yale University.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/davidiw/

6. Alden Hu------ Software Engineer

From February 2019 to February 2022, he served as a Senior Software Engineer at Novi, previously working at Instagram and Baidu.

7. Rati Gelashvili------ Researcher

PhD from MIT, with extensive expertise in concurrent, parallel, and distributed algorithms and data structures. From May 2020 to January 2022, he was a Senior Research Scientist at Novi.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rati-gelashvili/

(4) Roadmap

(5) Official Project Links

2. Detailed Interpretation of the Aptos White Paper

The Aptos v1 white paper focuses on a Web3 infrastructure characterized by security, speed, scalability, and upgradability, mainly elaborating on vision and mission, the Move language, logical data models, security innovations, fast and efficient performance, state synchronization, community ownership, and performance. Below, we will look at the specific breakdown and dissection of its white paper.

(1) Vision and Mission

Vision: To provide a platform that brings Web3 into mainstream adoption and empowers the construction of a decentralized application ecosystem to solve real-world user problems.

Mission: To enhance the reliability, security, and performance of blockchain through the provision of a flexible modular blockchain architecture that leverages the latest technological advancements.

Validation: Over the past three years, the mainnet of Diem has been built, advanced, developed, and deployed, with deployments to over a dozen node operators and multiple wallet providers in 2020, achieving two major upgrades without downtime. This has led to a thorough improvement of the technology stack, emphasizing security, transparency, and upgradability as core features, while also highlighting new approaches to transaction processing, decentralization, and network governance.

(2) Move Language

Move is a new smart contract programming language that emphasizes security and flexibility, inspired by the Rust programming language. It clarifies data ownership in the language through concepts like linear types and emphasizes resource scarcity, preservation, and access control, defining the lifecycle, storage, and access patterns of each resource.

It utilizes a bytecode verifier (which requires bytecode verification when instructions are published for transmission; if any instruction fails, it will not be loaded) to ensure type and memory safety. A Move verifier is also built to help untrusted code compile more reliably.

Aptos's on-chain configuration includes a set of active validators, tagged attributes, and various service configurations, supporting seamless configuration changes for module upgradability and programmability, as well as supporting upgrades to Aptos itself.

(3) Logical Data Model

The ledger state of Aptos represents the state of all accounts, and anyone can submit a transaction processing request to Aptos to modify the ledger state.

Transaction | A signed transaction processing includes:

• The sender uses one or more signed transaction validators to verify whether the transaction is authenticated;

• Sender account address

• For peer-to-peer transactions, includes recipient information and transfer amount

• The amount the sender is willing to pay per unit of Gas to execute the transaction

• The maximum Gas units allowed to be consumed before the transaction is aborted

• The sequence number of the transaction record

• The timestamp that stops the transaction from being valid

• The blockchain ID that identifies this transaction as valid to prevent signature errors

Events refer to the sending and receiving events emitted by the sender and receiver accounts during the token transfer process. This data is stored in the ledger and can be queried for event details through an Aptos node.

Accounts: Users can create multiple accounts managed by the same user by generating multiple keys. Accounts are not linked to real-world identities, and there is no inherent connection between accounts controlled by the same user. However, a user can still manage multiple accounts within one wallet for simple asset management, providing flexibility for anonymity and increasing execution concurrency.

Move Module: Its framework consists of Aptos's core libraries and configurations, defined as a general upgradable module package.

Resources: Allow different instances to share the code for project functionality, with rules for modification, deletion, and publication programmed into the data type modules. Thus, security and verification rules can organize other code or entities for creation, modification, deletion, etc. Data types must ensure that data instances meet top-level values and possess corresponding capabilities and storage capacities.

Ledger: Represented by a single ledger state, as adoption increases and technology develops, Aptos will expand the number of shards, increase throughput, and support cross-shard access to assets; each ledger state maintains all on-chain assets of specific shards and provides the same account model and fine-grained data storage to offer fixed storage access costs.

(4) Security Innovations

Transaction Feasibility Protection: When signing a transaction, the signer authorizes the blockchain to submit and transact; occasionally, unintentional signing of transactions may occur. To reduce this risk, Aptos limits the feasibility protection for each transaction's signer. Currently, three different protective measures are proposed:

• Sender's Sequence Number: The sequence number of the transaction can only be submitted once for each sender. If the current account's sequence number is ≥ the sequence number of transaction t, then t has either been submitted or will never be submitted (because the sequence number used by t has already been consumed by another transaction).

• Transaction Expiration Time: If the blockchain time exceeds the expiration time of transaction t, then similarly, t has either been submitted or will never be submitted.

• Specified Chain Identifier: Each transaction has a specified chain identifier to prevent malicious entities from repeating transactions across different blockchain environments.

Move-based Key Management: Aptos accounts support key rotation, reducing the risks associated with private key leakage, remote attacks, and the compromise of existing cryptographic algorithms. Aptos accounts can support a hybrid custody model, allowing users to delegate the private keys of rotating accounts to one or more custodians and trusted entities, and then define a strategy through Move modules to authorize trusted entities to rotate keys under specific circumstances for key recovery services.

Transparency of Pre-signed Transactions: Wallets have weak transparency regarding signed transactions, leading users to be tricked into signing malicious transactions and losing assets. The Aptos ecosystem provides pre-signed transaction execution services, offering users transaction results before signing, combining known attack histories and malicious smart contracts. Additionally, it allows wallets to impose restrictions on transactions during execution, with violations leading to transaction aborts to protect against attacks.

Practical Lightweight Client Protocol: To prevent client compromises based on weak trust relationships with API providers, Aptos provides state proofs and lightweight client verification protocols, which wallets and clients can use to verify the validity of data provided by third-party servers.

(5) Fast and Efficient Performance

Batch Processing: Each validator groups transactions into batches, merging them into blocks during consensus. It also allows efficient fee markets to determine transaction priorities, avoiding unexpected denial-of-service attacks from clients.

Continuous Transaction Propagation: Transaction propagation in Aptos is decoupled from consensus. Validators continuously propagate available transactions while utilizing all available network resources.

Block Metadata Sorting: One of the key innovations of the Aptos blockchain is separating non-protocol-related tasks from the consensus phase, such as transaction propagation, transaction execution/storage, and ledger authentication. By decoupling transaction propagation from the consensus phase, sorting can be performed under very low bandwidth, achieving high transaction throughput and minimizing latency.

Blockchain Time: Each proposed block and the corresponding transactions within the block adopt a timestamp (data generated by digital signature technology). Specific use cases for timestamps include:

• Time-related logic in smart contracts

• Developer coding

• Oracle publishing on-chain data

• Client access to account status

• Auditing

Execution of Parallel Transaction Processing: Once the consensus block metadata is sorted, transactions can be executed by any validator, full node, or client; any blockchain aims to achieve as much parallel execution as possible; Aptos advances parallel processing from both the data model and execution engine.

Parallel Data Model: Transactions with no overlapping conflicts in data and accounts can be executed in parallel. Aptos's pipeline design allows transactions to be reordered to reduce conflicts and improve concurrency; here, Aptos introduces the new concept of incremental writes to achieve that all transactions can be processed in parallel.

Parallel Execution Engine: Aptos integrates the Block-STM parallel execution engine to detect and manage conflicts among a set of ordered transactions and ensure good concurrency control, achieving maximum parallelization under specific order conditions.

Batch Storage: Batch processing reduces the number of storage operations and utilizes more efficient and larger I/O operations.

Ledger Authentication: Aptos implements ledger authentication for ledger history and ledger state, which does not occur in the transaction processing path and can even run completely off-chain.

(6) State Synchronization

Aptos utilizes validating nodes, full nodes, and other replicated nodes to provide verified ledger history and authenticated state proofs, offering flexible and configurable synchronization protocols. Specifically, participants can optimize their use cases and needs based on different synchronization strategies. For example, in the case of full nodes, Aptos allows various synchronization strategies, including the ability to handle all transactions since the beginning of time or completely skip blockchain history and only synchronize the latest blockchain state using checkpoints.

(7) Community Ownership

Aptos is owned, operated, and managed by a broad and diverse community. The native Aptos Token will be used for transaction and network fees, protocol upgrades, and governance voting for on-chain/off-chain processes, as well as to protect the blockchain through a proof-of-stake model.

Transaction and Network Fees: All Aptos transactions have a gas price, allowing validators to prioritize the highest-value transactions in the network. Additionally, at each stage of the pipeline model, there are multiple opportunities to drop low-value transactions.

Network Governance: Every feature change and improvement on Aptos will go through several stages of proposal, implementation, testing, and deployment; this structure provides stakeholders and interested parties with opportunities to give feedback, share concerns, and make suggestions. Therefore, compared to other blockchains, Aptos has encoded its on-chain configurations. To provide flexibility and configurability for the support process, Aptos will support on-chain governance, allowing token holders to vote based on the weight of their held tokens; for example:

• Token holders will vote to decide the transition to a new signature scheme

• Developers will implement the new signature scheme and create new versions

• Validator nodes will upgrade versions

POS Consensus Mechanism: To participate in transaction validation on Aptos, validators must hold a minimum number of Aptos Tokens; validators decide the reward distribution between themselves and their respective stakes; declarants can choose any number of validators to split their tokens based on pre-agreed rewards; any validator node operator with sufficient shares can join Aptos.

(8) Performance

Aptos achieves optimal throughput and hardware efficiency through its parallel, batch-optimized, and modular transaction processing pipeline. Other performance plans, such as consistent upgrades, incremental writes, transaction hints, and critical path caching, will continue to improve throughput and efficiency over time. For throughput and latency measurement methods, Aptos enables developers to build without restrictions and measure throughput and latency based on real use cases rather than synthetic transactions, thereby measuring throughput and latency; and continues to optimize the performance of individual validating nodes and experiment with scaling techniques, adding more validating nodes to the network.

Uniform State Sharding: Initially, Aptos will launch with a single ledger state. Over time, the Aptos network will provide a homogeneous API and sharding as a concept through multiple shard ledger states to achieve horizontal scalability and decentralization; its tokens will be used for transaction fees, staking, and governance across all shards. Data can be transferred between shards via bridges; users and developers can choose their sharding schemes based on their needs. Overall, homogeneous state sharding provides the potential for horizontal throughput scalability, allowing developers to program across shards using a single universal state and enabling wallets to easily merge shard data for their users.

3. Current Status of the Aptos Ecosystem and Key Project Analysis

The ecosystem of public chains is the core source of its value. According to data (https://www.aptos.systems/aptos_project/?type=live), the Aptos ecosystem currently has 216 projects built, including a series of projects in DeFi, infrastructure, Web3, NFTs, etc. 7 O'Clock Capital has conducted in-depth testing and provided relevant evaluations for some of these projects that are expected to become unicorns.

(1) Pontem Network

Pontem is a product development studio dedicated to achieving global financial inclusivity through blockchain. Pontem collaborates with Aptos to build foundational DApps and other infrastructure, such as development tools, EVMs, AMMs, etc. The Pontem team has developed a Diem-Move forked virtual machine that can be easily deployed to other public chains like Polkadot, Cosmos, Avalanche, etc. Pontem also makes the Move VM compatible with traditional virtual machines like EVM to facilitate easy deployment using Solidity or Vyper codebases.

Key verticals of Pontem: Protocols, Developer Tools, Infrastructure

Product Architecture

• Liquidswap DEX: The most efficient and reliable L1 built using Move VM. (AMM mechanism)

• Move Code Playground: An online code editor for Move, allowing users to build, test, and run Move packages on Aptos-compatible Move blockchains using just a web browser.

• Move IntelliJ IDE: A plugin for IntelliJ IDE that helps developers develop and deploy projects based on the Move language.

• Pontem Wallet: A decentralized plugin wallet for Aptos, simulating the MetaMask wallet.

Comprehensive Evaluation

Establishing a development company for Aptos ecosystem infrastructure, building wallets, swaps, and development tools, shows a high degree of friendliness towards Aptos and provides Move development tools and the Move VM for cross-chain interoperability, compatible with blockchains like Polkadot and Cosmos. Its business model and future ecological value position are evident, having completed a $4.5 million seed round led by Mechanism Capital and Kenetic Capital.

(2) Zaptos Finance

A liquid staking platform developed by talents from tech giants like Microsoft, Snapchat, and Amazon, currently supporting links with wallets like Martian and Fewcha, allowing users to stake their assets for daily staking rewards. Zaptos allows users to stake any amount of tokens without a minimum limit.

There are three main tokens in Zaptos: ZAPTOS (abbreviated as ZPT), stAptos, and zAptos.

• ZPT is the protocol governance token, with 20% of the protocol's revenue going to ZPT token holders, who earn rewards by staking ZPT tokens.

• stAptos is the exchange token for staking Aptos, where users receive stAptos at a 1:1 ratio when staking Aptos tokens, with a short-term lock-up period. After the lock-up period, users can redeem their original tokens along with the interest generated. If users cancel their staking during the lock-up period, a 0.3% cancellation fee will be deducted.

• zAptos requires long-term staking of Aptos tokens for a year, with more rewards upon redemption.

(3) Vial

A yield aggregation protocol that allows users to borrow assets on the Aptos chain. Users can log into the protocol via the Martian wallet and click on the faucet to obtain WBTC and USDC. Currently, the protocol supports APTOS, WBTC, and USDC tokens, with a deposit rate of 8% and a borrowing rate of 10%. The project can already implement a series of deposit and borrowing operations but has not yet achieved algorithmic interest rate balancing.

Its borrowing rates are determined algorithmically based on the utilization rate of the liquidity pool (the ratio of borrowed assets to supplied assets). Vial has already launched a testnet on its official website, allowing users to connect their wallets to claim test tokens for experience testing. (Testing maintenance paused)

Official website: https://www.vial.fi/

(4) Seam Money

A stablecoin yield platform built on Celo and Aptos. It allows users to stake and harvest yields from multiple protocols with one click. The project has aggregated over ten protocols, including Aries, EMPO, and names.aptos, and built multiple pools like CELO/ETH/USDC.

Product Architecture

• Seam Staking - Staking APT as DeFi primitives (primitives generally refer to segments of code composed of several instructions to achieve a specific function, which cannot be interrupted during execution)

• Seam Yield: Multi-protocol combination strategy

• Seam DAO: Incentivizing participants to manage the platform and tools for validators

Value Provided to Aptos

• Supports 3-5 DeFi protocols on Aptos for exchanges, liquidity pools, etc.

• Supports four wallets in the Aptos ecosystem

• Protocol-managed staking mechanism

• Multi-token/LP pools

• Transaction + Dapp module browser

Comprehensive Evaluation

The project is in its early stages and has a certain operational threshold. Its core product is built with modular technology, providing a degree of friendliness for developers.

Official website: https://www.seam.money/

(5) Topaz

An NFT marketplace for creating, browsing, and trading NFTs, focusing on security and scalability. The test version has been launched, and users can currently browse and mint NFTs. The project has partnered with wallets like Martian and Fewcha for connections.

Product Architecture

The product provides transactions for purchasing, minting, and selling NFTs, supporting Launchpad and project minting pages. New projects on the Launchpad must fill out a form and wait for platform review. The overall product operation and display are similar to Opensea.

Comprehensive Evaluation

The project has introduced a series of tasks to earn NFT badges, attracting a large number of user interactions and participation, laying the groundwork for future airdrop opportunities and achieving good traffic data. Currently, it is in its fourth phase of activities, where users can earn badges by participating according to requirements. Some creators have already started creating NFT projects on this platform, gradually advancing towards becoming Aptos's Opensea after the official launch of the Aptos mainnet.

Official website: https://www.topaz.so/

(6) Souffl3

An NFT aggregation trading platform that provides one-click features for creators and users to find floor prices and mint NFTs.

Product Architecture

• Integrates all data from NFT markets and provides accurate floor prices

• Batch one-click purchases and listings. Can monitor the latest NFT mints and complete one-click minting, automatic minting, and scheduled minting.

• Custom dashboard for setting up automatic purchases, sales, notifications, following, analysis, etc.

• Launchpad: Helps projects publicly sell NFTs for the first time.

• Creator support for bulk uploading NFTs, minting NFTs, etc.

Comprehensive Evaluation

Currently in the testing phase, supporting wallets like Petra, Martian, Pontem, and Fewcha. The project's core is to directly control all market data at the blockchain level through self-built full nodes, rather than relying on API tools from other trading markets, thus providing users with comprehensive and accurate quotes and enabling cross-platform one-click purchasing and listing functionalities.

Official website: https://souffl3.com/

(7) Martian

A wallet for managing digital assets and accessing DApps on the Aptos chain, also supporting NFT minting on the Aptos development network. The Martian wallet currently offers a Chrome extension version.

Product Architecture

• Token storage management, receiving, and transferring

• Custom NFT minting, supporting the creation of NFTs and NFT collections

• Aggregated token trading platform, NFT trading platform, Launchpad, and other applications, allowing users to directly click to jump to the corresponding products.

Comprehensive Evaluation

Martian is currently a wallet that is compatible with most projects in the Aptos ecosystem, supporting NFT minting and aggregating multiple compatible trading platforms, enhancing convenience and increasing user friendliness.

Official website: https://martianwallet.xyz/

(8) ONTO

A mobile wallet that integrates many functions, providing one-stop mobile services for managing digital identities, data, and assets based on DID in the Web3 world. Users can manage their assets using ONTO, which mainly includes asset management functions, identity functions, data functions, and on-chain transaction functions.

Product Architecture

• Decentralized Identity: Through an ID system, users can verify login to different applications and web operations.

• APP and browser extension: Provides a web-based plugin wallet and app download wallet, offering a diversified system.

• Anydrop: Supports bulk airdrops of assets, NFTs, etc., and allows custom airdrop tasks for users to receive rewards after completing tasks. Users can upload airdrop form files by selecting different public chains (currently supporting ETH, Polygon, OKC, BSC) for one-click bulk airdrops.

• Multi-chain system: Supports asset interactions and transfers across multiple chains, using one key to manage assets across multiple chains.

• On-chain Reputation System: Combines trusted credentials to create a decentralized on-chain identity system.

Comprehensive Evaluation

ONTO builds a convenient and secure identity verification wallet based on DID, with core features arising from identity and data-related functionalities, bridging web and mobile to provide an efficient experience. It is currently available for download and testing, with a good overall design quality and strong user experience. In summary, it possesses the plugin advantages of MetaMask and the mobile advantages of Bitkeep, but the DID concept is still in its early stages, and there are no related projects or products to open new pathways, requiring continuous iteration and upgrades.

Official website: https://onto.app/

(9) Hippo Labs

An aggregation protocol that provides Aptos ecosystem developers with compilers, SDKs, and framework-level tools to significantly enhance productivity. Hippo is described as an aggregation mechanism—utilizing a user-friendly front end that allows users to directly access the best pricing and loan rates across multiple indices and currency markets.

Product Architecture

Currently developing a trading aggregator, an open-source Swap protocol (including constant product swaps, stable curve swaps, segmented constant product swaps, etc.). In the future, several multifunctional components will be launched:

• Move to TS converter (automatically retrieves on-chain data and uses converter code to generate accurate quotes for users on the front end, among other uses)

• Transaction simulation API (accurately provides transaction gas estimates and previews wallet balance changes when users confirm transactions)

• Wallet adapter (compatible with multiple wallets, such as Fewcha, Martian, etc.)

Comprehensive Evaluation

Currently still under construction, supporting wallet connections but not supporting test interactions. The team possesses strong technical capabilities, but for aggregation protocols, the security requirements are relatively high, and no security measures have yet been reflected.

Official website: https://hippo.space/

(10) AptosLaunch

A decentralized launchpad based on Aptos, providing a customized launch model and strategic token launch experience over time, empowering tokens and NFTs by combining hierarchical distribution and lottery distribution to ensure fair reward distribution for all token holders.

Product Hierarchy

1. Whitelist Protection: Levels are divided based on the number of platform tokens held by users. For new projects on the platform, users only need to submit their addresses, and the platform will grant participation quotas based on their levels.

2. Hierarchical System: Different levels have different participation standards; for example, gold card members can participate in all levels below gold card members, while silver card members can participate in all levels below silver card members. In a lottery system, the more platform tokens held, the more lottery tickets can be obtained, and the larger the participation quota.

Insurance System

Through users purchasing IDO rounds of Launchpad projects, users can choose to add X% of their investment funds to use ALT to purchase insurance. The ALT will exist in the insurance fund. The insurance fund will compensate for potential losses of users' principal within the next 60 days—if the token price is below the IDO price after the 60th day of the IDO launch, the insurance fund will compensate users. Insurance fees are determined based on different projects; the higher the risk of the project, the higher the insurance fee. (The platform assesses the risk) If the price falls below the IDO price, the insurance fund will cover the difference.

• Assessment Method: Through oracle and voting mechanisms

• If malicious user impersonation occurs, after the evaluator's review, if it is confirmed to be a forgery, the evaluator will have the right to destroy the collateral tokens in the pool.

Comprehensive Evaluation

Creating the first decentralized launchpad platform for Aptos, incentivizing users to hold ALT platform tokens for hierarchical differentiation, and increasing the insurance fund, allowing users to choose to purchase insurance mechanisms (compensation can be claimed if the price falls below the issuance price within 60 days), enhancing the security of user assets and the precision of user acquisition for project parties. The project is currently opening community private fundraising, filling out forms and completing corresponding level tasks to obtain OG or whitelist qualifications, preparing to deploy on the ETH mainnet and migrate after the Aptos mainnet goes live, aiming to become the first Launchpad on Aptos.

Official website: https://aptoslaunch.io

4. Competitive Analysis and Comparison

Aptos's debut is impressive, with the market showing high recognition and response. So how does it perform in terms of specific capabilities? 7 O'Clock Capital compares it with the established public chain Solana, which has advantages in scalability and TPS.

From the perspective of the blockchain trilemma, Solana focuses on decentralization and scalability, making it the public chain with the highest TPS and fastest transactions in the crypto industry, while Aptos emphasizes decentralization and security.

The Key Innovations of Solana and Aptos:

Advantages and Technological Innovations of Solana

• High-performance running speed

• Scalability

• Proven historical mechanism: PoH

PoH, short for Proof-of-History, ensures that the order of transactions is accurate and guides validators to determine transaction blocks in the correct order. Validators are primarily responsible for calculating block times and the number of transactions in selected blocks. All of this is achieved through VDF (Verifiable Delay Function), which strictly controls the time each validator takes to create transaction blocks to about five seconds. This VDF is PoH; Solana operates through PoS and PoH, significantly enhancing its transaction speed.

Advantages and Technological Innovations of Aptos

• Security of normal network operation

• High-performance processing efficiency

• New programming language: Move

The following three images compare Aptos and Solana in terms of scalability, security, and decentralization, assessing whether Aptos can become the fastest and most scalable public chain:

5. Conclusion

As a rising star among public chains, 7 O'Clock Capital has analyzed Aptos from product architecture, ecosystem, white paper technical breakdown, and competitive analysis. Aptos builds its public chain using the new language Move, which has undergone years of iterative testing and upgrades, demonstrating certain advantages in stability, efficiency, and scalability. This has garnered support and investment from multiple top-tier investment institutions, providing ample financial resources to enhance its ecosystem and technical operations.

Currently, its ecosystem has a large influx of projects, with over 180 projects completed in deployment, and its development speed is evident. The most active sectors are infrastructure, DeFi, and NFT projects, which attract a large number of users to participate through early interactive operations to obtain early rights certificates (NFTs) and future airdrop opportunities. Many technically skilled developers and teams are also participating in testing and building validating nodes to acquire Aptos Tokens to capture value returns after the mainnet launch.

Therefore, with super luxurious capital support and market recognition and enthusiasm, the value of the mainnet launch is promising, and we look forward to it together!