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Flash

Galaxy Research Director: Coldcard attack investigation陷入 AI dilemma, forced to turn to Chinese open-source models to track stolen funds

Galaxy Research Research Director Alex Thorn stated that the attack targeting Coldcard wallet address generation is still ongoing. They are currently continuing to collect victim information and adding new victim addresses and attacker addresses to the investigation database.If users are still using affected Coldcard single-signature addresses, they should immediately migrate their funds. According to current investigation results, all single-signature Coldcard addresses generated after the firmware upgrade in March 2021 may ultimately be emptied by attackers; it is just a matter of time.According to Galaxy Research's analysis, the first three confirmed rounds of attacks exhibit highly programmatic characteristics, with similar attack transaction patterns. A large amount of stolen Bitcoin remains in the attackers' addresses and has not yet been transferred.At the same time, some new opportunistic attackers are emerging, transferring and laundering funds through methods such as stripping the funding chain, cross-chain services (like ThorChain), and overseas betting platforms.Additionally, Alex Thorn mentioned the limitations of AI tools in security investigations. Some large language models in the United States have restricted researchers' ability to track stolen funds, and the team has even had to turn to Chinese open-source AI models to assist in protecting user assets and conducting on-chain tracking.He finds this phenomenon "incredible" and plans to promote discussions on related issues at the government and industry levels. Alex Thorn concluded by stating that a large amount of stolen funds remains stagnant, and the team is continuously tracking relevant addresses, having shared information with relevant U.S. agencies and industry partners. He calls on the Bitcoin community to learn from this incident, strengthen self-custody security education, and raise awareness of wallet complexity.

The fluctuations in the South Korean stock market have triggered a "reverse capital migration": over 24 trillion won has flowed into the fixed deposits of the five major banks

According to Daum, the South Korean stock market has recently experienced increased volatility, with investors' risk appetite significantly cooling, and funds are flowing back from the stock market to safer assets such as banks. Due to adjustments in the semiconductor sector and stricter regulations on leveraged investments, the funds waiting to be invested in the South Korean stock market are rapidly withdrawing, leading to a phenomenon of "reverse capital migration."Data shows that by the end of July, the balance of time deposits at the five major banks in South Korea (KB Kookmin, Shinhan, Hana, Woori, NH Nonghyup) reached 973.49 trillion won, an increase of 24.09 trillion won compared to the end of the previous month, marking the largest monthly increase this year.There has also been a noticeable contraction in funds around the stock market. Data from the Korea Financial Investment Association shows that the deposits in investors' securities accounts (funds waiting to be invested in stock trading) reached a historical high of 139.69 trillion won on June 4, but had fallen to 107.20 trillion won by July 28, a decrease of over 32 trillion won in less than two months. The balance of credit trading financing, which represents the scale of market financing transactions, also dropped to 33.19 trillion won during the same period, down approximately 4.5 trillion won from the peak of 37.72 trillion won recorded on July 2, a decrease of about 12%.

Analysis: This week, the market value of six major tech giants fluctuated by nearly $2 trillion during earnings season, with AI investment returns becoming the key to market differentiation

According to CNBC, the combined market value change of 6 U.S. tech giants that have released earnings reports this week is close to $2 trillion, as investors are selecting winners based on cloud business growth and AI capital expenditure returns.The combined market value of Alphabet, Amazon, and Microsoft increased by nearly $1.5 trillion, with Microsoft increasing by over $600 billion, and both Amazon and Alphabet increasing by over $400 billion.Meanwhile, Apple's market value evaporated by over $350 billion, Meta decreased by about $85 billion, and Tesla decreased by about $7 billion. Although Apple exceeded expectations in revenue, profit, and iPhone sales, it expects revenue growth of 9% to 11% this quarter, below analysts' expectations of 12%, and stated that shortages of memory chips and competition for wafer production capacity will continue to limit supply, causing its stock price to drop by over 7% on Friday.Amazon's AWS revenue in the second quarter grew by 37% year-on-year, marking the fastest growth rate since 2021, which drove its stock price up by over 15% on Friday. The company also raised its capital expenditure forecast for 2026 from $200 billion to $220 billion. Microsoft rose 15% on Thursday, while Meta fell 8%, indicating a clear divergence in the market's judgment on the AI investment returns of the two companies.Jefferies stated that the AI spending of tech giants is approaching $800 billion over the next 12 months. The current market debate is no longer whether there is real demand for AI, but whether long-term profits can support such large-scale investments.

Vaulted CEO: Quantum computing may "end" BTC in the next 4 years

According to Forbes, Vaulted CEO David McAlvany stated that he believes Bitcoin could disappear within the next four years due to quantum computing. He mentioned that once quantum computers can quickly solve the mathematical problems protecting Bitcoin private keys, "that will be the end of Bitcoin."However, McAlvany later admitted that he cannot determine whether the relevant breakthrough will occur in four years, five years, or two months. As of mid-2026, there are no quantum computers capable of cracking Bitcoin's encryption algorithms. His viewpoint is mainly based on concerns about the future development speed of quantum computing, rather than on already occurred security events.Galaxy Digital estimates that approximately 7 million BTC addresses have exposed public keys on-chain, worth about $470 billion; Glassnode's estimate is 6.04 million, accounting for 30.2% of the Bitcoin supply. Exposing public keys does not equate to assets being stolen; only when quantum computers can reverse-engineer private keys from public keys might these addresses face actual theft risks.McAlvany also compared Bitcoin to gold and questioned whether Bitcoin could exist for 5,000 years. He expressed relative confidence that gold will still exist by then, but Bitcoin "might exist, or it might not."Bitcoin developers currently have differing opinions on solutions. BIP-360 proposes to add quantum-resistant address types; BIP-361 plans to phase out support for old-style signatures, with assets that do not migrate in time potentially being permanently frozen, including those believed to belong to Satoshi Nakamoto. Supporters argue that freezing assets is better than allowing quantum attackers to steal and sell them, while critics view it as confiscation.Companies like BOLTS Technologies and American Fortress are also developing cross-chain quantum-resistant solutions. American Fortress completed an $8 million seed round in May and claims its technology can protect assets without requiring users to migrate addresses, but the relevant technical papers have not yet been published, and the design has not undergone public auditing.

Galaxy Research Director: Coldcard victims had 17 BTC stolen and transferred to an offshore betting platform, which refused to freeze the funds

Galaxy Research Research Director Alex Thorn tweeted that among a Coldcard attack victim holding nearly 30 BTC, 17 BTC were split and converted to ETH via THORChain, and then deposited into the offshore betting platform Duel.com.Upon tracking, this portion of funds corresponds to approximately 229.72 ETH (worth about $445,000). The victim and the research team have emailed all known addresses of Duel.com, providing all transaction and deposit information and requesting to freeze the funds, but the response stated that the victim should have the police contact them, even though the platform's anti-money laundering policy claims it implements KYC and complies with relevant laws.Thorn stated that this response is unacceptable, and most of the Western regions have passed midnight, meaning the police report cannot be advanced until at least Monday; he believes that if the platform refuses to freeze the funds after receiving notification that they originated from an ongoing cyber attack, it constitutes complicity in theft.Since Duel.com's X account has been banned, Thorn turned to @ several individuals associated with the platform, urging them to push the platform to take the correct actions, and stated that if the funds are not frozen, the platform will face significant legal action.
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