The future of a modular world will see DeFi becoming more accessible and efficient, with lightning-fast transaction speeds and low costs, thereby promoting greater financial inclusion.

Currently, the categories of Bitcoin L2 solutions roughly include state channels (such as Lightning Network), sidechains (such as Liquid, Merkle), Rollups (such as Rollkit), and client validation (such as RGB, RGB++, Taro), among others. The most famous of these is the Lightning Network, which can be considered an excellent choice in terms of scalability, security, and privacy. However, progress has been relatively slow so far.

The UTXO model can provide storage advantages because the state of accounts and transaction sizes are smaller; however, the account model is more efficient in simplifying scaling solutions (such as state and payment channel construction) and sharding.