mining

2025 Bitcoin Mining Trends: Hashrate Hits New High After Halving, Energy Arbitrage Drives Mining Company Migration

ChainCatcher news, according to Cointelegraph, Bitcoin enters its fifth era after the 2024 block reward halving, with the single block reward decreasing from 6.25 BTC to 3.125 BTC. Mining companies are responding to profit pressures through hardware upgrades, energy optimization, and regional migration. By May 1, 2025, the total network hash rate is expected to reach 831 EH/s, a 77% increase from the 2024 low of 519 EH/s, with a peak rising to 921 EH/s.The iteration of mining machines accelerates the energy efficiency competition, with Bitmain's Antminer S21+ achieving a hash rate of 216 TH/s and an energy consumption ratio of 16.5 J/TH, while MicroBT's immersion mining machine WhatsMiner M66S+ reduces energy consumption to 17 J/TH. TSMC and Samsung have already adopted 3-nanometer chip technology, with 2-nanometer processes soon to be implemented, driving continuous improvements in mining machine efficiency.Energy costs dominate the survival of mining companies, with the network difficulty rising to a historical high of 123T, and daily earnings per TH/s (Hashprice) dropping from $0.12 in April 2024 to $0.049 in the same period of 2025. The Omani government subsidizes electricity prices to maintain $0.05--$0.07 per kilowatt-hour, while semi-official projects in the UAE have electricity prices as low as $0.035--$0.045 per kilowatt-hour, attracting institutional-level mining operations. In the U.S., industrial electricity prices exceed $0.1 per kilowatt-hour, forcing mining companies to migrate to low-cost energy regions in Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia.A Cointelegraph research report indicates that the growing demand for AI computing power, global regulatory adjustments, and breakthroughs in hardware technology will continue to impact the industry landscape over the next 12 to 18 months. Efficiency optimization has become a survival necessity, with only leading mining companies able to maintain competitiveness through energy arbitrage and equipment upgrades, while sovereign nations adopt strategies alongside institutional entry or reshape Bitcoin's position in the global financial system.

Malaysia's national energy company disclosed that illegal cryptocurrency mining has led to a surge in electricity theft, with an increase of 300%

ChainCatcher news, according to Decrypt, the Malaysian national energy company (Tenaga Nasional Berhad) issued a statement on May 12, 2025, stating that from 2018 to 2024, the number of electricity theft cases related to illegal cryptocurrency mining in the country surged from 610 to 2,397, an increase of 300%. These acts of stealing subsidized electricity by tampering with meters have severely impacted grid stability and resulted in losses of hundreds of millions of dollars for the company.Recently, Malaysian authorities launched a nationwide joint law enforcement operation, seizing multiple illegal mining cases, including a raid in Bandar Alam City where 45 Bitcoin mining machines were confiscated. To address this issue, the energy company has deployed a smart meter network to monitor abnormal electricity usage in real-time, and under the Electricity Supply Act, illegal activities can be punished with up to 10 years in prison or fines of $212,000.Data shows that some property owners received electricity bills as high as $278,400 due to tenants setting up mining machines. Similar situations have also occurred in countries like Kuwait, where over 1,000 illegal mining sites were shut down last month, and this week, investigations were launched against 116 individuals. These activities have led to a sudden increase in pressure on the local grid and caused widespread power outages.
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