In 2024, the blockchain industry is ushering in a new paradigm shift, with the full-chain narrative becoming the industry theme. Mango Network ($MGO), as the first Layer1 public chain positioned as a trading-oriented full-chain infrastructure network, is leading a new wave of innovation in the DeFi industry with its unique advantages of high performance, modularity, and the concept of a full-chain liquidity pool.

------ The Mango public chain is about to launch, supporting seamless transmission of tokens, NFTs, and data and information across heterogeneous L1/L2 public chains.

------ The fragmented crypto assets and liquidity mining pools of different public chains are efficiently circulated through Mango.

------ Mango's full-chain applications give rise to full-chain liquidity pools, providing new possibilities for Web3, especially DeFi innovation.

In the past year of 2023, the global blockchain sector experienced a bull-bear transition, with annual narratives evolving through Layer 2 networks, the launch of Meta's new public chain mainnet, LayerZero's cross-chain competition, and BRC20 inscriptions breaking into the MEME space. As more users flock in and the industry ecosystem use cases diversify, the demand among multi-chain users for seamless full-chain interaction is becoming increasingly strong. On the other hand, the entire industry is increasingly recognizing that building full-chain infrastructure is the most direct and effective way to break the blockchain trilemma. The full-chain narrative is becoming the industry theme, leading to a new round of paradigm shifts in 2024.

In response to industry pain points, Mango Network ($MGO) has taken the lead, becoming the first Layer1 public chain positioned as a trading-oriented full-chain infrastructure network. By constructing a one-stop liquidity service full-chain network, it brings users a more secure, trustworthy, diverse asset, and convenient autonomous full-chain trading experience.

Based on Move, Inherently Secure

The Move language is a valuable legacy of Facebook's super-sovereign cryptocurrency project Libra. It addresses the shortcomings of Solidity and EVM, providing a programming language specifically designed for crypto assets, offering a high-performance, secure, and reliable smart contract programming environment for blockchain applications.

Mango Move is a statically typed programming language with multi-threading capabilities, effectively reducing concurrency issues. The combination of static languages and smart contracts provides a secure environment for application development, ensuring that project source code cannot be tampered with during attacks. Moreover, the Move language treats digital assets as first-class citizens, specifically defining tokens as a distinct resource category, separating them from other data. The asset transfer in Mango Move is object transfer, ensuring the uniqueness and security of assets, adding a layer of security for on-chain DeFi projects.

Modular High Performance, Breaking the Impossible Triangle

The Mango modular blockchain, built on the Mango Move language, decomposes blockchain functions into different layers of network architecture, achieving high security, high performance, and low cost, breaking the "impossible triangle" of decentralized networks.

Traditional blockchain systems typically integrate functions such as consensus, settlement, data availability, and execution into a single architecture. As the complexity of blockchain applications and demands increase, a single architecture will no longer meet the requirements of different scenarios.

The Mango modular blockchain separates these core functions, allowing each functional module to operate independently while maintaining collaboration among them. This architecture makes blockchain systems more flexible and scalable, customizable and optimized according to different needs.

Through features such as horizontal scaling, composability, and on-chain storage, the Mango public chain can achieve over 100,000 TPS of parallel transaction processing and sub-second settlement, supporting a rich array of on-chain assets while addressing common pain points of L1 with unparalleled speed and low-cost characteristics, providing developers and users with an astonishingly good user experience.

Born Full-Chain, Pioneering New Application Paradigms

As a Layer1 public chain positioned for full-chain applications, Mango's greatest advantage is its ability to serve as an efficient execution layer and settlement layer, allowing developers to design applications from the perspective of full-chain interoperability, while users can access application programs through any L1 and L2 public chains, significantly reducing the complexity of user operations.

The technical architecture of Mango's full-chain applications consists of Mango main chain contracts and module contracts. The main logic of the application is stored on the Mango main chain, achieving "overall control," and then remote access modules are built on other chains to interact with end users, obtaining user input and outputting the desired results.

For example, DEX developers can deploy dApps on the Mango main chain, allowing users to operate applications from the Mango main chain or through remote access modules on any other chain, as conveniently as accessing local programs. This also means that users only need to prepare one type of token as Gas, without needing to know which chain the dApp is actually deployed on, enabling any cross-chain operation.

The greatest advantage of the technical architecture of Mango's full-chain applications is the significant reduction in the complexity of cross-chain integration. When the main logic of the program is processed on the Mango main chain, the application has a unified state record. After users deploy contracts on new chains, they can inherit all state records and liquidity from the full-chain main chain. At the same time, when other applications integrate this program, they only need to interface on the full-chain main chain to access all its functionalities and liquidity.

Compared to cross-chain protocols like LayerZero, Mango's full-chain applications do not require frequent asset cross-chain transfers between different blockchain networks, resulting in lower usage costs, faster confirmations, and higher efficiency. Additionally, full-chain transactions do not require storing assets or data in third-party institutions, thus enhancing asset security.

Full-chain applications achieve seamless connections between heterogeneous public chains, addressing multiple pain points such as fragmented user experiences and liquidity in Web3 applications and DeFi protocols. By constructing a one-stop liquidity service network through main chain contracts and module contracts, it provides users with a unique trading experience.

Full-Chain Liquidity Pools Foster DeFi Innovation

Mango's full-chain applications make building full-chain liquidity pools possible. In the past, DeFi projects needed to build liquidity pools separately on each public chain, reducing capital efficiency and increasing the complexity of user cross-chain operations. Based on Mango's full-chain applications, it is now possible to build a "one-stop liquidity pool" that supports full-chain assets and enables full-chain operations.

Mango's liquidity service network has the following advantages:

• Unified user experience: Users can access DeFi applications on other chains through a unified entry point on the Mango public chain.
• Low cost: The process of cross-chain asset transfer through Mango Network incurs very low transaction fees, and Gas costs are lower.
• High asset liquidity: Users only need to use one type of token as Gas to freely transfer assets between different chains.
• Efficient and secure: Developed based on the Move language, it has inherent security advantages.

Users can transfer on-chain assets into liquidity pools deployed on the Mango main chain through Mango Network, and then participate in DeFi operations on any chain through module contracts deployed on the target chain. This approach reduces the complexity of cross-chain operations, enhances security, lowers user Gas consumption, and eliminates transactional wear.

For example, users can cross-chain ETH assets to the liquidity pool on the Mango main chain and interact with Pancake Swap on the BNB chain through the module contract on Mango on the target chain. This means that users holding only a single token asset like BTC or ETH can also participate in DeFi projects on any chain, significantly increasing the potential scale of liquidity pools, thereby fostering innovations such as full-chain liquidity lending, full-chain staking, new flash loans, and new algorithmic stablecoins.

For instance, full-chain liquidity lending centers around single-coin pools of various public chains, using Mango Network as a bridge and settlement layer, allowing users from any chain to provide liquidity to the protocol. Compared to the Aave protocol, which provides liquidity for lending on a single chain and uses third-party cross-chain bridges for cross-chain operations, all operations of full-chain liquidity lending based on Mango can be conducted on any chain, significantly improving the capital utilization of lending protocols.

BeingDex, An Innovative Full-Chain Order Matching Trading Platform

BeingDex is a decentralized exchange developed based on Mango Move, supporting full-chain on-chain order matching trading. Its notable innovations include: peer-to-peer wallet matching trading, an order book model, support for candlestick charts, and no need for liquidity pools.

This approach differs significantly from Uniswap V3. Order book trading can provide greater trading depth, resulting in higher price transparency, allowing users to see all pending orders, making it easier for users to find the best trading prices. Additionally, the Mango Move language employs static calls, making execution order unchangeable, effectively resisting MEV attacks and helping users further reduce trading slippage.

BeingDex supports on-chain assets across the full chain, including tokens, NFTs, and inscriptions, serving as a liquidity entry point to bring full-chain liquidity into various Web3 applications. The BeingDex team is also continuously expanding service boundaries, providing one-stop asset management services through key Web3 infrastructures such as Crypto Wallet, DeFi, liquidity pools, POS staking pools, IDO, NFT trading platforms, decentralized social applications, and DAOs.

Overall, full-chain trading is an inevitable trend in the development of Web3 applications. Full-chain trading can enhance asset liquidity, improve capital efficiency, reduce transaction costs, and expand application scenarios, providing users with more convenient, efficient, and rich services.

The emergence of Mango Network brings new opportunities for the development of the blockchain industry, and it is expected to become a leader in full-chain interoperability, preparing for a paradigm shift in the industry as a trading-oriented full-chain infrastructure in the Web3 field.

Key Points of the Mango Network White Paper

A. Positioning: Trading-oriented full-chain infrastructure

Keywords: L1 new public chain, DPoS, full-chain applications, Move language, modular

B. Technical Highlights

1. Supports full-chain applications ------ Users only need to prepare one type of token as Gas to interact and operate across various heterogeneous blockchains;
2. High performance ------ Up to 45K+ TPS, sub-second settlement, low Gas fees, providing a good user experience;
3. High security ------ Based on the Move language, static languages combined with smart contracts ensure project code cannot be tampered with, effectively resisting attacks;
4. Modularity ------ Decomposes blockchain functions into multiple independent modules, each focusing on specific functions such as consensus, execution, data availability, etc., customizable to meet the needs of different application scenarios; modular blockchains have good scalability, allowing expansion by adding or removing modules to meet growing demands; at the same time, modularity can also enhance security by breaking down different functions into different modules.

C. Implementation of Mango Full-Chain Applications

Mango full-chain applications adopt a main chain contract and module contract architecture design. The main business logic is deployed on the Mango main chain, achieving the function of "overall coordination." On other public chains, remote access modules are deployed to interact with end users, such as obtaining input and output results.

The specific operation process is: users input through remote modules on the new chain, and the module transmits the input information across chains to the Mango main chain. After processing, the main chain outputs the results and returns them to the corresponding remote module on the new chain. The module presents a localized interactive experience to users in this way. Additionally, to meet scalability needs, certain functional modules within the main chain can also be deployed on other public chains, collectively forming a virtual main chain system.

Overall, this architecture design achieves the goal of cross-chain application full-chain interconnection through the abstraction decoupling between the main chain and module contracts. Users can use full-chain services distributed across multiple chains through a simple interactive interface, experiencing a more lightweight and unified service.

D. Technical Advantages of Full-Chain Applications

Provides a settlement layer and execution layer between heterogeneous public chains. Previously, users needed to use cross-chain bridges like LayerZero to transfer assets between heterogeneous chains and prepare corresponding tokens as Gas on different chains. Now, users only need to migrate assets to the Mango main chain through Mango's own cross-chain bridge to interact and operate on any target chain through module contracts. Compared to cross-chain bridges, full-chain applications have significant advantages:

1. Easier to scale ------ The main logic of the program is processed on the Mango main chain, and the application has a unified state record. After users deploy contracts on new chains, they can inherit all state records and liquidity from the full-chain main chain without reinventing the wheel.
2. Better user experience ------ Users do not need to care about which chain the program is deployed on; they can access applications from the full-chain main chain as if accessing local programs; they also do not need to frequently use cross-chain bridges; they only need one type of token as Gas to operate and interact on any chain.
3. Easier cross-chain integration ------ Other applications only need to interface on the full-chain main chain to use all its functionalities and liquidity when integrating this program.

E. Composition of the Mango Public Chain Infrastructure Protocol

1. ZK Zero-Knowledge Proof ------ Achieves anonymous transactions, privacy protection, and cross-chain interaction authentication.
2. Distributed Storage ------ Uses IPFS to store data, ensuring data redundancy, reliability, and scalability.
3. MgoDNS Domain Service ------ A distributed domain solution based on cross-chain protocols, providing domain names and domain data analysis services for non-intermediated networks. MgoDNS is decentralized, with a blockchain underlying and traditional internet on top. MgoDNS can also connect various types of public chains and consortium chains, forming a super hub connecting various blockchains.
4. Mango Client ------ Maintains a consistent copy of the system's effective state for auditing and building transactions or operational services.

F. Roadmap and Timeline

Mango Network will launch its testnet in the second quarter.

Its ecosystem projects, Being Wallet and BeingDex (order book-based full-chain order matching trading platform), are already deployed on the development network.

About Mango Network

Mango Network is a Layer1 public chain based on the Move language, aiming to become a trading-oriented full-chain infrastructure network. It achieves full-chain applications through modularity and builds a one-stop liquidity service network, providing users with a more secure, trustworthy, diverse asset, and convenient autonomous trading experience. MGO is its native token.

Mango Network is developed by MangoNet Labs, a technology company focused on Web3 infrastructure, with a vision to help one billion users smoothly adopt Web3.

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